[OPE-L:8173] Re: Marx's Notes on Wagner available on MIA

From: gerald_a_levy (gerald_a_levy@msn.com)
Date: Sat Dec 14 2002 - 10:14:39 EST


Re Hans's [8172]:

> I just uploaded a bilingual version of Marx's "Notes on
> Adolph Wagner" to the MIA.  I understand that this is his
> last economic manuscript which has some interesting
> methodological remarks.  The URL is
> http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1881/01/wagner.htm

Thanks for doing this.  Of all the writings of Marx on political economy,
the "Marginal Notes on Wagner" (MNW) has been the hardest for students and
scholars to obtain.  Making this available on the Internet is consequently
an  important service.

I also think that the layout of the current version,  including the joint
publication side-by-side of the German original and the English translation
from the M/E _Collected Works_ , is much to be preferred to the Spring,
1972 publication of another translation in the  journal _Theoretical
Practice_.    Furthermore, the MIA (and _CW_) publication has the merit
of *not* being introduced by a lengthy essay (by Athar Hussain) since such
an introduction puts forward an interpretation of the work rather than lets
the reader study the primary source itself free of a interpretation and
critique of the work.

> The MIA wants me to add a paragraph about the importance of
> this manuscript.  Does anyone have any suggestions what to say?

MAXILIEN RUBEL  and MARGARET  MANALE have a credible
summary (subject to the following questions below***) in
 _MARX WITHOUT MYTH_ (Harper & Row,  1975, p. 320):

"Sometime between late 1879 and the end of 1880 Marx began a critique
and refutation of passages in Adolf Wagner's _Lehrbuch der politischen
Oekonomie_ [Textbook of Political Economy (2nd ed. 1879)] which
attributed to Marx a 'socialist system' and falsely construed his value
theory.  Marx made some twenty-odd pages of notes and commentary, but
left the work unfinished.  Wagner failed, for example, to differentiate
between the theories of Marx and Ricardo, the latter having dealt with
labour 'only as a *measure of value*' and therefore established no
connection between value theory and the 'essence of money', as had Marx.
Ricardo had, moreover, confounded value and production costs, whereas
Marx had emphasized, as early as the 1859 *Zur Kritik*, that '*values* and
*production* prices (which simply express the costs of production in
money terms) *do not* coincide' (MEW 19: 359).  Stating that commodities
as values have a 'double nature',  Marx rejected the argument that certain
goods have a social use value for the commodity as a whole: 'WHERE THE
STATE ITSELF IS A CAPITALIST PRODUCER, AS IN THE
EXPLOITATION OF MINES, WOODLAND, ETC., ITS PRODUCT IS
A "COMMODITY" AND HAS THEREFORE THE SPECIFIC NATURE
OF EVERY OTHER COMMODITY['] (MEW, 19:370) (emphasis, i.e.
capitalization added, JL). 'Value', according to Marx, represents only the
'social character of labour' and is produced through the 'expenditure
of "social" labour power' (MEW 19: 375).  Wagner also attributed to Marx
the view that surplus value created by the worker was 'unjustly'
appropriated  by the capitalist.  On the contrary, Marx replied, ' ... at a
certain point the production of commodities necessarily becomes "capitalist"
commodity production and, according to the law of value which governs the
production system, THE 'SURPLUS VALUE'  IS DUE NOT TO THE
WORKING MAN BUT TO THE CAPITALIST'  (MEW 19: 375)" emphasis
added again, JL).


Questions on Rubel/Manale summary:
--------------------------------------
*** (1):   Is the quote that begins 'Where the state is a capitalist
producer  ....'   an accurate rendering of the German original and
does it  appear in the above words in the _CW_ translation?
I ask this since I couldn't find it in the MIA version.

***(2):  What is the rendering of the last quote about how the s "is due
not to the working man but to the capitalist" in the original German
and in the _CW_ translation?   This quote, it seems to me, has
relevance for some recent writings by Chris, and comments by Nicky
on OPE-L.

Comment on method:
---------------------
I, of course, agree with Hans that that there are interesting -- and
important -- methodological comments in the MNW.    What strikes me as
particularly interesting are Marx's comments on the commodity which he
remarks is the "concretum", the "subject", and the "concrete form of the
product of labor".   Contrary to some interpretations (e.g. by Althusser)
this strikes  me as *perfectly consistent* with  the methodological comments
that  Marx made in the 1857-58 Economic Manuscripts (i.e. in the
"Introduction"  to  the _Grundrisse_).   So, in re-reading his
methodological comments in the MNW, I am struck by the consistency
between the  perspectives advanced in the MNW and the 57-58 Manuscripts
which leads me to question again Althusser's assertion of an
'epistemological  break' that he claimed was apparent in the MNW -- I see
no 'epistemological break' here. Perhaps others on the list (Paul Z?)
disagree; do others -- however -- agree?

In solidarity, Jerry


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