On Fri, 1 Feb 2002, paul bullock wrote: ... > There was of course anti Irish feeling which we would call racism > today, and to which Marx refers in his extensive discussions of the > struggle for Irish Independance. This anti Irish feeling ( the worst > possible state that the working class could fall to was to be > 'Irishified' according to Marx, when refering to their economic > position), the usual anti immigrant feelings amongst many longer > standing residents, feelings aroused by the wages and conditions that > could be forced upon them by capitalists, was significant in the > metropolitan districts. After them came feeling against Scots and > Welsh immigrants into England and even general hostility also to > Northumbrians, Cumbrians etc. All of this was however absorbed into an > overall class perspective, not staying as a seperate issue as such, > and only retaining its openly hostile characteristics as and when the > British State waged its campaign against Irish Independence more > intensely. In the United States, there was a frequent business policy from the late 1800s (I don't exactly its beginning) of N.I.N.A., otherwise "Nina", "No Irish Need Apply". Businesses would openly post it and I heard that as late as 1948 a newspaper ad carried it. Thus, the Irish were really at the bottom of the ethnic latter here. The Nina policy struck home to me even more since my daughter's name is Nina. Paul
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