Paul C wrote in [OPE-L:3523]:
> I have always followed Gillman and used at least 4 categories c,v,s,and u
> for unproductive wages.
> When dealing with real figures one has to introduce K for the capital
> stock as well.
> The rate of profit is then well approximated by
> s - u
> -----
>   k
> since, given the fact that workers are paid either weekly or monthly, the
> outstanding
> stock of variable capital is at any one momement small v can be ignored.
A. Huh?  You say that u = unproductive wages. Yet, presumably,
   unproductive workers are also being paid on either a weekly or monthly
   basis. So, if the "stock" of v is so small that it can be ignored,
   then the "stock" of u  should also be very small. So, to be more
   consistent, you should write:
  s - u                        s
  -----          or           ---
  k + v                        k
B. What is the stock of v?
C. Unless one is attempting a *very* short-run calculation of r (e.g. what
   the individual r on Thursday, 10/24 but not Friday, 10/25 when many
   workers get paid and there is then a sharp decrease in *daily*
   profit), then v would enter into the determination of r. Yet, why
   would you be concerned with the daily or hourly r since you
   are trying to calculate r? BTW, and very importantly,  wage costs
   don't simply drop-off of the capitalists' books because wages may not
   be paid today or tomorrow. They know that those wages are a cost which
   can not be forgotten even when making very short-run cost or pricing
   decisions -- and so should we.
In Solidarity,
Jerry