1. no basal rosette (0); basal rosette present (1)
2. plants woody (0); herbaceous (1)
3. chlorophyll present (plants green)(0); chlorophyll apparently 
   lacking (plants white to reddish)(1)
4. shoots emerging from soil in erect position (0); shoots 
   emerging from soil in nodding position (1)
5. plants not blackening upon drying (0); turning black upon 
   drying (1)
6. trace unbranched in petiole/leaf base (0); trace branched in 
   petiole/leaf base (1)
7. secondary phloem without bands of fibers (0); with bands of 
   fibers (1)1
8. pith heterogeneous (0); pith homogeneous (1); pith Calluna-
   type (2)
9. bud scales present (0); lacking (1)
10. leaves convolute in bud (0); leaves revolute in bud (1)
11. leaves alternate (0); leaves decussate (1); leaves whorled 
   (2)
12. leaves variously scattered along stem (0); distinctly 
    pseudoverticillate and appearing to be whorled at ends of 
    branches (1)2
13. leaves more or less flat (0); leaves ericoid, with an 
    abaxial groove (1)3
14. leaves petiolate to narrowed at base and sessile (0); leaves 
    broadly sheathing at base (1)
15. leaf venation pinnate (brochidodromous, reticulodromous, 
    etc.) (0); leaf venation more or less palmate (with 2 to 
    several basal veins prominent and converging)(1); leaf venation 
    appearing more or less parallel (2)
16. vein reticulum more or less open, the secondary and tertiary 
    veins not equally prominent (0); vein reticulum dense, the 
    secondary and tertiary veins more or less equally prominent (1)
17. leaves deciduous (0); leaves persistent (1)
18. leaf midrib (as seen in cross-section ) unifacial (0); leaf 
    midrib bifacial (1)
19. fibers associated with leaf midrib (0); fibers lacking or 
    poorly developed (1)4
20. fiber strands absent from leaf mesophyll (0); fiber strands 
    present in leaf mesophyll (1)
21. leaf epidermis not lignified (0); leaf epidermis at least 
    slightly lignified (1)
22. multicellular hairs on leaves present (0); multicellular 
    hairs on leaves lacking (1)
23. multicellular hairs not as following (0); multicellular 
    hairs subsessile, with glandular head with gold secretion 
    layer (1)
24. multicellular hairs simple to branched or eglandular peltate 
    (0); multicellular hairs in the form of peltate scales 
    (with secretory head of the Rhododendron type) (1).
25. multicellular hairs various but not forming a flattened, 
    more or less triangular scale (0); multicellular hairs forming
    flattened, more or less narrowly triangular scales (1)
26. stalk of multicellular hair multiseriate (0); stalk of 
    multicellular hair biseriate (1); stalk of multicellular hair
    uniseriate (2)
27. stomata limited to abaxial leaf surface (0); stomata also on 
    adaxial surface (1)
28. stomata anomocyctic (0); stomata paracytic (1); stomata 
    tetracytic (2)
29. inflorescence axillary at initiation (0); inflorescence 
    terminal at initiation (1)
30. flowers developing on shoots of the previous season (0); 
    flowers developing on shoots of current season (1)
31. inflorescence in bud (0); inflorescence exposed during 
    winter (1)
32. flowers perfect (0); flowers imperfect, more or less 
    dioecious (1)
33. flowers actinomorphic (0); flowers zygomorphic (1)
34. flowers 5-merous (0); 4-merous or 2-merous(1); more than 5-
    merous (2)
35. pedicel lacking bracteoles (0); pedicel with more than 2 
    bracteoles (1); pedicel with 2 bracteoles (2)
36. bracteoles apical (0); bracteoles not apical (1)
37. pedicel not articulated with flower (0); pedicel articulated 
    with flower (1)
38. bracts and bracteoles not scarious (0); bracts and 
    bracteoles scarious (1)
39. perianth differentiated into a calyx and corolla (0); 
    perianth of tepals, or missing calyx and/or corolla (1)
40. calyx of imbricate lobes (0); calyx of valvate lobes (1)
41. calyx deciduous (0); withering persistent (1); persistent 
    not withering (2); colorful and fleshy (persistent)(3)
42. adaxial calyx stomata lacking (0); adaxial calyx stomata 
    present (1)
43. abaxial calyx stomata lacking (0); abaxial calyx stomata 
    present (1)
44. sympetalous (0); choripetalous (1)
45. corolla pendulous (0); corolla held erectly to more or less 
    horizontally (1)
46. base of petals not or only slightly saccate (0); base of 
    petals conspicuously saccate (1)
47. corolla with spots or blotch (0); spots or blotch lacking 
    (1)
48. corolla deciduous (0); persistent (1); tepals persistent (2)
49. corolla lacking unicellular hairs on inside surface (0); 
    corolla with unicellular hairs on inside surface (1)
50. corolla lacking multicellular hairs on outer surface (0); 
    present on outer surface (1)
51. stamens 2x corolla lobes (0); stamens less than 2x corolla 
    lobes (1)
52. stamens free from the corolla (0); epipetalous(1)
53. filaments straight (0); filaments S-shaped (1)
54. filaments gradually tapering toward base (0); filaments 
    conspicuously asymmetrically dilated at or below middle (1)
55. filaments with unicellular hairs (0); filaments papillose or 
    minuely roughened (1); filaments smooth (2)
56. anthers non-inverting (0); anthers inverting late in 
    development (1); anthers inverting early in development (2)
57. anthers tetrasporangiate, dithecal (0); anthers 
    bisporangiate, monothecal (1)
58. anthers more or less papillose (0); anthers more or less 
    smooth (1) 
59. stamen appendages present (0); stamen appendages absent (1)
60. appendage position - on anther (0; on anther-filament 
    junction (1); on filament (2)
61. anther appendages 2 (0); anther appendages 4 (1) 
62. tubules on anthers lacking (0); tubules on anthers present 
    (1)
63. disintegration tissue on back of anthers lacking (0); 
    disintegration tissue present (1)
64. disintegration tissue not extending onto the spurs 
    (appendages) or spurs lacking (0); disintegration tissue extending 
    onto the spurs (1)
65. anthers not hippocrepiform (0); anthers hippocrepiform (1)
66. endothecium present and with a fibrous layer (0); 
    endothecium lacking or present and without a fibrous layer (1)5
67. exothecium lacking (0); exothecium present (cells of anther 
    epidermis thickened)(1)5
68. pollen shed as monads (0); pollen shed as tetrads or as 
    reduced tetrads with only one functional grain (1)
69. viscin threads lacking (0); viscin threads associated with 
    pollen (1)
70. stigma unlobed or with simple lobes (0); stigma lobes 
    flabellate to pinnatifid (1)
71. stigma not surrounded by a collar (0); stigma surrounded by 
    a collar (1)
72. ovary superior (0); ovary inferior (1)
73. style impressed into ovary (0); style gradually tapering in 
    ovary (1); style articulated with ovary but neither 
    impressed nor tapering (1)
74. ovary more or less smooth (0); ovary papillose (1)
75. number of carpels equalling petals (0); number of carpels 
    less than number of petals but more than one (1); number of 
    carpels more than the number of petals (2)
76. ovary with several locules, the placentation axile (0); 
    ovary with several locules, the placentation partly intruded
    parietal (1); ovary with a single locule, the placentation  
    distinctly parietal throughout (2)
77. ovary with few to numerous ovules per locule (0); ovary with 
    only one ovule per locule (1)
78. fruit dehiscent (0); fruit indehiscent (1)
79. fruit a loculicidal capsule (or fruit non-capsular) (0); 
    fruit a septicidal capsule (1); capsule irregularly circumcissile
    (2)
80. capsule with carpel midvein lacking thickened sutures (0); 
    capsule with carpel midvein with thickened sutures (1)
81. fruit lacking bony endocarp(s) (0); fruit drupaceous, i.e., 
    with a single pyrene (1); fruit drupaceous with several pyrenes (2)
82. fruit more or less brown (0); fruit brightly colored or 
    appearing black (very dark red) (1)
83. fruit more or less ovoid to cylindric (0); fruit globose to 
    subglobose (1)6
84. seeds lacking tails (0); seed with tails (expanded portion 
    of testa at hilum and chalazal ends)(1)
85. embryo well-developed with 2 cotyledons (0); embryo 
    undeveloped with 30-40 cells (1);embryo extremely 
    undeveloped with ca. 10 cells (2)
86. ellagic acid lacking (0); ellagic acid present (1)
87. gossypetin absent (0); gossypetin present (1)
88. methyl salicylate lacking (0); methyl salicylate present (1)
89. basic chromosome number x=11 (0); x=12 (1); x=13 (2); x=8 
    (3); x=18 (4); x=19 (5); x=9 (6); x=14 (7)
90. locules not divided (0); locules incompletely or completely 
    divided by outgrowth of ovary wall (1)
91. capsules with valves not cobwebby on edges (or fruit non-
    capsular) (0); loculicidal capsules with valves cobwebby on 
    the edges (1)

1 this character was recorded from older stems
2 recorded as the length of innovation with leaves attached
3 recorded from cross-sections of leaves made 2/5 up from base of lamina
4 recorded from hand sections, fibers on abaxial side of midrib vascular
  bundle
5 observed by making a transverse section of the anther at the apparent
  apex
6 based on length/width ratio