>From Howard's [5594]: > To say that value exists only in exchange would > seem to obliterate a key > acquisition of Marx's analysis -- that value is in > fact a form of labor > whereby relations of producers in their reciprocal > activities are represented or become manifest as > relations of objects Hi Howard. It looks like you are enjoying OPE-L. If so, great. Would you comment on the following short quote from Chris A's article "Value, Labour and Negativity" (_Capital & Class_, 73, p. 31)? "Ernest Mandel went so far as to say 'For Marx *labour is value*' (Mandel, 1990: 11) -- emphasizing the point. Mandel is directly refuted by Marx's own text. Marx says that 'labour is not itself value'; although 'labour creates value' it 'becomes value' only in 'objective form' when the labour embodied in one commodity is equated with the labour embodied in another commodity (Marx, 1976a [Capital I, Penguin ed, JL]: 142). Moreover labour is socially validated thereby only as 'abstract', and this in turn requires the presence of the money commodity to ground the universal dimension required. In brief, Mandel overlooked the importance of the value *form* in the labour theory of value". In a footnote to the above, Chris notes that (Mino) Carchedi said something similar to Mandel. Carchedi: "Often one runs into expressions such as ... labour being 'the substance of value', etc....But... value is *not* created by (abstract) labour. Value *is* labour....' (Carchedi, 1991: 102)" {Ibid, footnote 17, p. 37} In solidarity, Jerry
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